Farmakologik xususiyatlari
Makrolidlar guruhiga mansub antibiotik. Antibakterial ta’sir mexanizmi mikroblar hujayrasida oqsil sintezini 50S-ribosoma subbirligiga bog‘lanish orqali to‘xtatish bilan bog‘liq.
Odatda sezgir mikroorganizmlar (MPK≤ 1 mg/l): Streptococcus spp., Staphylococcus spp. (metitsillin sezgir shtammlar), Enterococcus spp., Rhodococcus equi, Bacillus cereus, Branhamella catarrhalis, Bordetella pertussis, Helicobacter pylori, Campylobacter spp., Legionella spp., Corynebacterium diphtheriae, Moraxella spp., Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Coxiella spp., Chlamydia spp., Treponema pallidum, Borrelia burgdorferi, Leptospira spp., Propionibacterium acnes, Actinomyces spp., Eubacterium spp., Porphyromonas spp., Mobiluncus spp., Bacteroides spp., Peptostreptococcus spp., Prevotella spp., Toxoplasma gondii.
O‘rtacha sezgir mikroorganizmlar: Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Ureaplasma urealyticum, Clostridium perfringens. Ushbu qo‘zg‘atuvchilarga nisbatan antibiotik in vitro o‘rtacha faollikka ega, ijobiy natijalar antibiotikning yallig‘lanish o‘chog‘idagi konsentratsiyasi MPKdan yuqori bo‘lsa kuzatilishi mumkin.
Barqaror mikroorganizmlar (MPK>4 mg/l): kamida 50% shtammlar barqaror - Staphylococcus spp. (metitsillin-rezistent shtammlar), Enterobacter spp., Pseudomonas spp., Acinetobacter spp., Nocardia asteroides, Fusobacterium spp., Haemophilus spp., Mycoplasma hominis, Corynebacterium jekeium.
Spiramitsin fagotsitlarga (neytrofillar, monotsitlar va peritoneal va alveolyar makrofaglar) kirib, ularda to‘planadi. Insonda preparatning fagotsitlar ichidagi konsentratsiyasi yetarlicha yuqori bo‘ladi. Ushbu xususiyatlar spiramitsinning hujayra ichidagi bakteriyalarga ta’sirini tushuntiradi.