Farmakologik xususiyatlari
Oflomelid® - kombinatsiyalangan preparat, antimikrob, yallig‘lanishga qarshi, mahalliy anestezik, regeneratsiyalovchi ta’sir ko‘rsatadi. Faol moddalari ofloksatsin, metilurasil va lidokain hisoblanadi.
Ofloksatsin - keng ta’sir doirasiga ega bo‘lgan ftorxinolonlar guruhiga mansub antimikrob vosita. Bakteritsid ta’sirini bakterial hujayralarda DNK-girazani bloklash orqali amalga oshiradi. DNK-giraza bakterial DNKning replikatsiyasi, transkripsiyasi, reparatsiyasi va rekombinatsiyasi uchun zarur. Uning inhibitsiyasi bakterial DNKning yechilib ketishi va beqarorlanishiga, natijada mikroblar hujayrasining o‘limiga olib keladi.
Ofloksatsinga yuqori sezuvchan mikroorganizmlar (MPK ≤0,5 mg/l):
- grammusbat aeroblar - Staphylococcus aureus methi-S (metitsillin sezuvchan shtammlar), Staphylococcus coagulase negative (koagulaza-manfiy stafilokokklar: Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus saprophyticus, Staphylococcus haemolyticus, Staphylococcus hominis va boshqalar);
- grammanfiy aeroblar - Aeromonas hydrophila, Bordetella spp., Brucella spp, Campylobacter jejuni, Citrobacter spp. (shu jumladan Citrobacter freundii), Enterobacter spp. (shu jumladan Enterobacter cloacae, Enterobacter aerogenes, Escherichia coli, Haemophilus ducreyi, Haemophilus influenzae, Haemophilus parainfluenzae, Klebsiella spp. (shu jumladan Klebsiella pneumonia), Moraxella (Brahamella) catarrhalis, Morganella morganii, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Neisseria meningitides, Plesiomonas spp, Proteus spp. (Proteus mirabilis, Proteus vulgaris (indole + va indole -)), Providencia spp., Salmonella spp., Serratia (shu jumladan Serratia marcescens), Shigella spp. (shu jumladan Shigella sonnei), Vibrio spp. (shu jumladan Vibrio cholerae, Vibrio parahaemolyticus), Yersinia spp. (shu jumladan Yersinia enterocolitica);
- anaeroblar - Clostridium perfringens, Helicobacter pylori, Propionibacterium acnes;
- boshqalar - Chlamydia trachomatis, Legionella spp., Mycoplasma spp. (shu jumladan Mycoplasma hominis).
Ofloksatsinga o‘rtacha sezuvchan mikroorganizmlar:
Acinetobacter spp. (shu jumladan Acinetobacter calcoaceticus), Bacteroides fragilis, Bacteroides urealyticus, Chlamydia psittaci, Gardnerella vaginalis, Enterococcus faecalis, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Mycobacterium leprae, anaerob grammusbat kokklar (Peptococcus spp., Peptostreptococcus spp., Pseudomonas spp. (shu jumladan Pseudomonas aeruginosa), Streptococcus spp. (jumladan Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus viridians) - faqat penitsillinga sezuvchan shtammlar, Ureaplasma urealyticum.
Ofloksatsinga rezistent mikroorganizmlar (MPK > 1 mg/l):
Acinetobacter baumannii, Enterococcus spp.ning ko‘pchilik shtammlari, Listeria monocytogenes, Nocardia spp, (jumladan Nocardia asteroids), metitsillinrezistent Staphylococcus aureus va Staphylococcus spp. shtammlari (Staphylococci methi-R), Treponema pallidum.
Metilurasil - to‘qimalar reparatsiyasi stimulyatori. Anabolik faollikka ega. Yarani hujayraviy regeneratsiya jarayonlarini tezlashtiradi, to‘qima va epitelizatsiyaning o‘sishi va granulyatsion yetilish jarayonini tezlashtiradi.
Lidokain mahalliy anestezik ta’sir ko‘rsatadi, bu Na+-kanallarni bloklash natijasida yuzaga keladi, bu esa sezuvchi neyronlarning uchlarida impulslar hosil bo‘lishi va nerv tolalari bo‘ylab impulslar o‘tishini to‘sadi. Tashqi qo‘llanganda tomirlarni kengaytiradi, mahalliy tirnash xususiyati beruvchi ta’sir ko‘rsatmaydi. Mazning suvda eriydigan (gidrofil) va giperosmolyar asosini molekulyar massasi 400 va 1500 bo‘lgan polietilenoksidlar (polietilenglikollar) aralashmasi (PEO-400 va PEO-1500 yoki PEG-400 va PEG-1500) tashkil etadi, bu esa to‘qimalarga degidratatsiyalovchi (namlikni yutuvchi) va osmotik ta’sir ko‘rsatadi, bu ta’sir kuchi bo‘yicha 10% natriy xlorid eritmasidan 20 barobar kuchli va 18-20 soatgacha davom etadi.
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